{"id":6423,"date":"2022-05-02T09:23:48","date_gmt":"2022-05-02T09:23:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.micronora-informations.fr\/index.php\/2022\/05\/02\/l-industrie-menacee-par-la-penurie\/"},"modified":"2022-05-02T09:23:48","modified_gmt":"2022-05-02T09:23:48","slug":"l-industrie-menacee-par-la-penurie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/micronora.com\/en\/l-industrie-menacee-par-la-penurie\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019industrie menac\u00e9e par la p\u00e9nurie"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"photo-actu-mai-2022-slider.jpg\"<\/p>\n

Selon le rapport “Des m\u00e9taux pour une \u00e9nergie propre : des pistes pour r\u00e9soudre le d\u00e9fi des mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res en Europe<\/a>“\u2002publi\u00e9 le 25 avril 2022 par Eurometaux, l’Union europ\u00e9enne n’aura pas assez de m\u00e9taux strat\u00e9giques (lithium, cobalt, nickel) pour assurer sa transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique si elle ne r\u00e9agit pas d’ici 2030. Command\u00e9 par l’association europ\u00e9enne des producteurs de m\u00e9taux aux chercheurs de l’Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain (Belgique), ce document r\u00e9v\u00e8le que \u00ab dans le sillage des ruptures d’approvisionnement dues \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie Covid-19 et \u00e0 l’invasion de l’Ukraine par la Russie, le manque de r\u00e9silience de l’Europe pour ses besoins croissants en m\u00e9taux est devenu une pr\u00e9occupation strat\u00e9gique<\/em> \u00bb. <\/p>\n

Les plans de transition \u00e9cologique de l’Europe (pacte vert, production locale des technologies vertes, etc.) vont conduire \u00e0 une augmentation de la demande. Ainsi, en 2050, l’UE aurait besoin de trente-cinq fois plus de lithium qu’aujourd’hui, soit 800 000 tonnes par an, et jusqu’\u00e0 vingt-six fois plus de terres rares (n\u00e9odyme, dysprosium, pras\u00e9odyme…). Il lui faudra aussi deux fois plus de nickel ainsi que 330 % de cobalt, 45 % de silicium, 35 % de cuivre et de 10 \u00e0 15 % de zinc suppl\u00e9mentaires. <\/p>\n

La transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique (\u00e9nergies renouvelables, nucl\u00e9aire, r\u00e9seaux \u00e9lectriques, stockage sur batterie, v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques, hydrog\u00e8ne) s’av\u00e8re effectivement gourmande en m\u00e9taux. A titre d\u2019exemple, la production de voitures \u00e9lectriques repr\u00e9sente 50 \u00e0 60 % de la demande globale de m\u00e9taux pour la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, devant les r\u00e9seaux \u00e9lectriques et la production de panneaux photovolta\u00efques (35 \u00e0 45 %).<\/p>\n

Alors, que faire ? Selon l\u2019\u00e9tude, \u00ab l\u2019Europe a l’occasion de jeter les bases d’un niveau plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 d’autonomie strat\u00e9gique et de durabilit\u00e9 pour ses m\u00e9taux de transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un recyclage optimis\u00e9, \u00e0 des investissements dans la cha\u00eene nationale de valeur et \u00e0 un approvisionnement mondial plus actif<\/em> \u00bb. Ainsi, selon les chercheurs de l’Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, le recyclage pourrait permettre de couvrir 40 \u00e0 75 % des besoins d’ici 2050. <\/p>\n

En France, la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des Industries M\u00e9caniques (FIM) s\u2019alerte elle aussi. \u00ab Aujourd\u2019hui les industriels m\u00e9caniciens ont d\u2019\u00e9normes difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 s\u2019approvisionner en m\u00e9taux<\/em> \u00bb, s\u2019inqui\u00e8te Henri Morel, pr\u00e9sident de la FIM. \u00ab Une situation qui, si rien n\u2019est fait, pourrait conduire certaines entreprises \u00e0 fermer leurs usines. En effet, les m\u00e9caniciens sont pris en \u00e9tau par un double ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne. Premi\u00e8rement, des d\u00e9lais de livraison allong\u00e9s de plusieurs mois et ensuite, une tr\u00e8s forte hausse des prix de l\u2019acier, du gaz et de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9. La situation continue de s\u2019aggraver, caus\u00e9e par une production sid\u00e9rurgique europ\u00e9enne trop faible, des mesures de sauvegarde trop contraignantes et les cons\u00e9quences indirectes de la guerre en Ukraine. <\/em> \u00bb
\nLe plan de r\u00e9silience \u00e9conomique et sociale annonc\u00e9 le 16 mars 2022 par le gouvernement est utile mais ne r\u00e9pond pas \u00e0 cette probl\u00e9matique. C\u2019est pourquoi, la FIM demande aux pouvoirs publics de prendre des mesures d\u2019exception \u00e0 la hauteur des enjeux. Comme par exemple, la lev\u00e9e temporaire des mesures de sauvegarde pour permettre aux m\u00e9caniciens de trouver de l\u2019acier sur des march\u00e9s hors d\u2019Europe sans surtaxe. <\/p>\n

Afin d\u2019amorcer des r\u00e9flexions sur les solutions innovantes potentielles face \u00e0 cette p\u00e9nurie \u00e0 venir, les industriels pourront venir d\u00e9couvrir \u00e0 Micronora, salon international des microtechniques et de la pr\u00e9cision, du 27 au 30 septembre, le Zoom consacr\u00e9 aux nouveaux mat\u00e9riaux et nouveaux process dans les microtechniques. <\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Selon le rapport “Des m\u00e9taux pour une \u00e9nergie propre : […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1765979739,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6423","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actu-microtechnique"],"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019industrie menac\u00e9e par la p\u00e9nurie - Micronora<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/micronora.com\/en\/l-industrie-menacee-par-la-penurie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019industrie menac\u00e9e par la p\u00e9nurie - Micronora\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Selon le rapport “Des m\u00e9taux pour une \u00e9nergie propre : [...]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/micronora.com\/en\/l-industrie-menacee-par-la-penurie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Micronora\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-05-02T09:23:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Admin Micronora\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Admin Micronora\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/micronora.com\\\/en\\\/l-industrie-menacee-par-la-penurie\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/micronora.com\\\/en\\\/l-industrie-menacee-par-la-penurie\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Admin Micronora\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/micronora.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/11cef4b4e7679c09e1f902eafe36a4ce\"},\"headline\":\"L\u2019industrie menac\u00e9e par la p\u00e9nurie\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-05-02T09:23:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/micronora.com\\\/en\\\/l-industrie-menacee-par-la-penurie\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":611,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/micronora.com\\\/en\\\/l-industrie-menacee-par-la-penurie\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/micronora.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/05\\\/arton396.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"L'actu microtechnique\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/micronora.com\\\/en\\\/l-industrie-menacee-par-la-penurie\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/micronora.com\\\/en\\\/l-industrie-menacee-par-la-penurie\\\/\",\"name\":\"L\u2019industrie menac\u00e9e par la p\u00e9nurie - 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